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黄河是世界上有数的大河之一。全长四千八百四十五公里,比非洲的尼罗河略短,比印度的恒河长得多。它和尼罗河、恒河和别的河流一样,曾经孕育过人类古代的文明。伟大的中华民族一个长时期的活动中心,就是在黄河流域。黄河流域的面积,按自然地理的观点来计算,有七十四万五千平方公里,这样的一大片地面,约等于两个日本全境,仅略小于整个土耳其。黄河之所以在世界上著名,还有另外的一面,即它的災害很严重,经常不断地威胁着居住在它周围的人民。在外国特别是资本主义国家的书刊中,黄河很久以来被称为“中国的忧患”。许多书本讚嘆黄河如何冲积成伟大的黄河平原,而同时也带着悲衰的调子,叙述黄河如何不便通航,如何经常改变河道,吞噬了良田房屋和人们的生命,如何成为地面上的河流,偶一决堤就成水災,如何带走巨量的黄土,使周围的土壤丧失肥沃度,使
The Yellow River is one of the great rivers in the world. It is 4,845 kilometers in length, slightly shorter than the Nile in Africa and much longer than the Ganges in India. Like the Nile, the Ganges and other rivers, it gave birth to ancient civilizations of mankind. A long-term activity center for the great Chinese nation is in the Yellow River basin. The area of the Yellow River basin, calculated from the perspective of physical geography, has 745,000 square kilometers. Such a large area of land, equivalent to about two areas in Japan, is only slightly smaller than the entire territory of Turkey. Another reason why the Yellow River is famous in the world is that its disasters are so serious that it constantly threatens the people living around it. In the books and periodicals of foreign countries, especially the capitalist countries, the Yellow River has long been described as “China’s troubles.” Many books praise how the Yellow River alluviality into the great Yellow River Plain, but also with sad tone, describes how the Yellow River inconvenient navigation, how to often change the river, devoured the houses and people’s lives, how to become a river on the ground, even A bankruptcy became a flood and how to take huge amounts of loess so that the soil around it would lose its fertility so that