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激光冷却原子样品以其探询时间长、能消除多普勒频移和碰撞引起的频移、与探测光场弱耦合等优点显著改善了原子光谱的精密测量能力,其多种优良特性也引起了导航领域研究者的极大兴趣。回顾了基于冷原子技术的导航传感器的发展历程,并跟踪了国际上的最新研究动态。将冷原子导航传感器根据其结构分为冷原子钟、冷原子干涉仪和原子芯片三个领域,并从物理效应、工作原理、性能参数、应用方向等多个方面分别进行了阐述。最后分析了冷原子导航传感器的发展前景,并指出高动态环境和系统的集成与封装将成为冷原子导航传感器实际应用面临的主要困难。
Laser cooling of atomic samples for its long time to explore, to eliminate the Doppler shift and collision caused by the frequency shift, and the weak coupling with the detection light field has significantly improved the atomic spectrometry precision measurement capabilities, its many excellent characteristics also caused Great interest of researchers in the field of navigation. Review the history of the navigation sensor based on cold atom technology, and track the latest international research. According to its structure, cold-atom navigation sensor is divided into three areas: cold atomic clock, cold atomic interferometer and atomic chip, and the physical effects, working principle, performance parameters, application direction and other aspects are described respectively. Finally, the development prospect of cold atomic navigation sensor is analyzed. It is pointed out that the integration and packaging of high dynamic environment and system will become the main difficulties in the practical application of cold atomic navigation sensor.