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在黄河西岸漏水漏肥的滩地上运用土体有机重构技术,通过构建适宜水稻生长的人造犁底层、耕作层、潴育层、渗育层等进行水稻种植。本研究分别于移栽期、分蘖期、拔节期、分蘖期、抽穗期、成熟期采集植物样本,测定干物质重量、氮含量等指标。通过研究水稻干物质积累与氮素积累的关系,旨在为黄河西岸土体有机重构技术的机制探讨和水稻高产提供理论依据。结果表明:水稻抽穗期及抽穗后期干物质积累量与氮素积累量呈显著正相关。水稻完熟期积累的干物质总量为1 906.47g·m~(-2),从分蘖期到抽穗期的干物质积累量占全生育期的87.3%,水稻干物质积累量对产量的影响程度在生育后期(特别是抽穗后)最大。水稻在整个生育期总吸氮量为207.99kg·hm~(-2),水稻氮素的吸收高峰在幼穗分化至抽穗期,这有利于提高产量和养分元素利用效率。有机重构土体上水稻的氮素吸收利用率为33.8%,高于我国稻田平均水平(30%)。本研究证实土体有机重构能有效改善滩地土体质量,促进水稻生长。
The soil organic reconstruction technology was used in the leaking and leaking beach in the west bank of the Yellow River to construct rice cultivation by constructing artificial plow bottom layer, tillage layer, retention layer and infiltration layer suitable for rice growth. In this study, plant samples were collected at the transplanting, tillering, jointing, tillering, heading and maturation stages respectively to determine the dry matter weight and nitrogen content. By studying the relationship between dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation in rice, this study aims to provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism of soil organic reconfiguration technology and high yield of rice in the west bank of the Yellow River. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between nitrogen accumulation and dry matter accumulation at heading and heading stages. The total amount of dry matter accumulated during maturity was 1 906.47 g · m -2. The dry matter accumulation from tillering stage to heading stage accounted for 87.3% of the whole growth stage. The effect of dry matter accumulation on yield In late reproductive (especially after heading) the largest. The total N uptake of rice during the whole growth period was 207.99 kg · hm -2, and the peak of nitrogen uptake in rice was from young spike to heading stage, which was beneficial to increase the yield and nutrient element utilization efficiency. The nitrogen uptake and utilization rate of rice in organic reconstituted soil was 33.8%, which was higher than the average level of paddy field in China (30%). This study confirmed that soil organic reconstruction can effectively improve the quality of beach soil and promote rice growth.