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中国逻辑思想史源远流长,基本的逻辑范畴有:名、辞、说、辩、故、理、类,等等。择其要,当以名、辩、类三者最为重要。中国逻辑史开始于对名即概念的缘起、分类、内涵外延的确定等论辩;论辩(论证)又需要一定的规则作为保证,于是,关于辩的研究,也便随着名的讨论同时深入;论辩当以类作逻辑基础,于是,关于类的分析,又从一开始贯穿于逻辑史的发生发展中。这三个基本范畴的发生发展,体现了中国传统思维模式的特点。本文对上述这三个范畴的发生发展史作了粗线条的疏理,藉以把握中国逻辑史的基本脉络。
The logic of China has a long history, the basic logical categories are: name, rhetoric, rhetoric, so, reason, class, and so on. Choose their own, when the name, debate, the three most important. The history of Chinese logic begins with the debate on the origin, classification and connotation extension of the concept of the name. The argument (argumentation) needs certain rules as a guarantee. Therefore, the research on the debate also proceeds with the discussion of the name at the same time. The argument should be based on the logic of class. Therefore, the analysis of classes runs through the occurrence and development of the history of logic from the very beginning. The occurrence and development of these three basic categories reflect the characteristics of the traditional Chinese thinking model. This article gives a rough outline of the occurrence and development of these three categories in order to grasp the basic context of Chinese history of logic.