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少年司法是美国法律制度的重要组成部分,有其独立程序和法律理念。自上个世纪六十年代以来,少年法庭受到来自自由主义和保守主义的批评。自由主义认为,少年法庭的法官经常以一种任意的、歧视的、甚至是专制的方式行使着家长式的权威;保守主义则认为少年法庭过于仁慈,尤其是对实施暴力犯罪和反复实施犯罪的违法者。来自两方面的挑战,对美国少年司法制度的改革产生了很大影响,并一直延续到现在。
Juvenile justice is an important part of the legal system in the United States, with its independent procedures and legal concepts. Since the 1960s, juvenile tribunals have been criticized by liberalism and conservatism. Liberals believe that juvenile court judges often exercise paternalistic authority in an arbitrary, discriminatory and even authoritarian way; conservatism considers juvenile courts too merciful, especially with regard to the commission of violent and repeated crimes Offenders. The challenges from both sides have had a significant impact on the reform of the juvenile justice system in the United States and have continued into the present.