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中国传统社会,官兵为国捐躯,朝廷多有抚恤之举,除恩赏丧葬银两外,对为国惨烈捐躯的将士,或于原籍、或于战殁地修建祠堂,列其牌位于祠内。地方祭祀以褒慰忠魂,以资观瞻。清代昭忠祠就是在这一背景下创修的。清军入关,定鼎北京后不久,即供奉祭祀阵亡旗籍重臣。顺治年间,清廷就在京师东交民巷台基厂修建祠寺,用以祭祀以和硕敬谨亲王尼堪为首的开国功臣。雍正二年(1724年),京师正式修建昭忠祠。至嘉庆、同治两朝,东北地区相继掀起了修建昭忠祠的浪潮。昭忠祠创修与春秋两季致祭所需银两是由专款拨发,祭祀活动由地方官主持,忠烈后裔参加。入祀人群早期以旗籍官兵为主,晚期则旗籍与民籍并存。清代东北昭忠祠的功效主要有三:修建使治所祭典完备,司土之官受益;春秋致祭活动有助于告慰亡灵,激励后继;入祀者的遴选为地方士绅参政提供了机遇。昭忠祠的修建与致祭中,出现了地方政府虚与委蛇、大批阵亡将士未能及时入祀、入祀者事迹失考、发展中失去了儒释道宗教势力之怙恃等弊政。
In traditional Chinese society, officers and soldiers sacrificed their lives for the country. In addition to paying homage to funeral arrangements, the officers and men sacrificed their lives in the country, or in their places of origin or in war, built their ancestral shrines in the shrine. Local sacrifice to praise loyalty to the soul Zhaizhan. Shizhong Temple in Qing Dynasty was created in this context. Entering the clearance of the Qing army, Dingding Beijing soon after, that sacrifice worship sacrificial flag minister. During the Shunzhi period, the Qing court built a temple temple in the foundation factory of the East Jiao Ming alley in the capital city of Beijing to sacrifice to founding meritorious tribes headed by He Jin and Prince Nye. Yongzheng two years (1724), the capital officially built Shizhong Temple. To Jiaqing, Tongzhi two dynasties, northeast China have set off a wave of building Shizhong Temple. Shizhong Temple renovation and Spring and Autumn two season offerings Silver is allocated by special funds, sacrificial activities hosted by local officials, Zhong Lie descendants to participate. Into the worship of the early flag-based officers and men-based, late flag and co-exist. In the Qing Dynasty, the Zhaozhong shrine in the northeast of the Qing Dynasty had three main functions: building a temple to make the rituals complete and benefiting the officials of the land and the earth; offering sacrifices to the souls in spring and autumn helped to inspire souls and inspire successors; and selecting the worshipers provided opportunities for local gentry to participate in politics. During the construction and the sacrificial offering of the Shouzhong Memorial Hall, there appeared some disadvantages such as the local government being fictitious and unsuccessful, the large number of fallen officers and soldiers failing to enter the sacrificial ceremony in time, the deeds of the worshipers were lost and the religious officials of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism lost their development.