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该文分析了山西西南部黄土区主要造林树种水分供耗关系 .应用水量平衡法和波文比 -能量平衡法 ,研究得出刺槐和油松林地土壤蒸发、蒸腾、林冠截留蒸发的季节变化规律 ,耗水各分量的比较关系 .耗水各分量占总耗水量的比例 :林木蒸腾量为 55 2 %～ 6 3 7% ,林地土壤蒸发量为 12 3%～2 4 6 % ,林冠截留量为 14 8%～ 2 9 1% .林分耗水量夏季大于春季和秋季 ,4～ 6月耗水量大于供水量 .生长季蒸腾、土壤蒸发、林冠截留、径流量的总量占降雨量的比例分别为 :刺槐 54 8%～ 10 8% ,14 6 %～ 2 1 6 % ,1 9%～ 2 5% ;油松 4 5 4%～ 113 7% ,2 2 4%～ 2 6 5% ,1 5%～ 2 3% ;草地 50 %～ 6 8 2 % ,4 0 %～ 6 0 % ,2 1%～ 3 5%
In this paper, the relationship between water supply and consumption of main afforestation species in the loess region of southwestern Shanxi Province is analyzed.The seasonal variation of soil evaporation, transpiration and canopy interception evaporation of Robinia Pseudoacacia and Pinus tabulaeformis forests is studied by using the water balance method and the Bowen ratio-energy balance method , Water consumption of the various components of the relationship between the proportion of water consumption of the total water consumption: the amount of forest transpiration 55 2% ~ 6 3 7%, forest soil evaporation 12 3% ~ 246%, canopy interception The water consumption in stand was greater than that in spring and autumn in summer, and the water consumption in April to June was greater than that in water supply.The total amount of rainfall, soil evaporation, canopy interception and runoff in the growing season accounted for the proportion of rainfall The results are as follows: Robinia pseudoacacia 54 8% -108%, 14 6% -2 21%, 19% ~ 25%, Pinus tabulaeformis 54 54% ~ 113 7%, 22 4% ~ 26 5% 15% to 23% of grassland, 50% to 682% of grassland, 40% to 60%, 21% to 35%