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目的探索控制食堂饮食从业人员“五病”的有效措施。方法对单位食堂饮食从业人员每年一次全面体检,采集大便用GNSF增菌液分离培养痢疾、伤寒杆菌;用赖氏法检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT);用反向间接血凝法(RPHA)检测HBsAg;用EIA法检测乙型病毒性肝炎五项标志物;胸透、拍片诊断肺结核;外科视诊皮肤病。同时进行“食品卫生法”及卫生知识培训,并进行卫生意识考评。结果五年检测食堂饮食从业人员16422人次,检出“五病”18例,五年总检出率为0.11%。主要系2000年及2001年检出,2004年无病例检出。每年全面培训一次,每季度现场检查指导,卫生意识逐年提高,经考核,不足60分人数逐年减少,由24.94%￣27.99%下降到14.98%￣23.43%;81分以上人数逐年增加,由24.09%￣25.99%上升到31.11%￣38.05%。结论饮食从业人员中确有“五病”发生,只有加强管理,定期检测,发现病例及时调离等处理。对饮食从业人员不断培训,现场检查指导,卫生意识方能不断提高,使饮食从业人员自觉执行“食品卫生法”,“五病”完全可以杜绝。
Objective To explore effective measures to control “Five Diseases” in canteens diet practitioners. Methods The health examination of canteens and catering workers in unit canteens was conducted once a year to collect stool samples. The dysentery and typhoid bacillus were isolated and cultured with GNSF enrichment broth. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ) Detection of HBsAg; EIA detection of hepatitis B virus five markers; chest, film diagnosis of tuberculosis; surgical visual examination of skin diseases. At the same time “Food Sanitation Law” and health knowledge training, and health awareness assessment. Results In the five years, there were 16,422 employees in canteens’ diet, 18 cases of “five diseases” were detected, and the total detection rate in five years was 0.11%. Mainly in 2000 and 2001 were detected in 2004, no case detected. The number of people with less than 60 points decreased year by year, from 24.94% ~ 27.99% to 14.98% ~ 23.43%. The number of people above 81 points increased year by year from 24.09% ~ 25.99% up to 31.11% ~ 38.05%. Conclusion There are indeed “Five Diseases” among diet practitioners. Only by strengthening management, testing regularly and finding cases of timely transfer and other treatment. Continuous training of diet practitioners, on-site inspection and guidance, health awareness can only continue to improve, so that diet practitioners consciously implement the “Food Sanitation Law”, “five diseases” can be put an end to.