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1279年,南宋为元蒙所灭,它的一批精英被抛弃在宋代繁华的时空之外。这批汉文化哺育起来的多情重义之士,在异族统治下,其心理结构基本相同:“忍着主衣裳,为人作春妍?”他们或决不肯或很不愿出仕元朝,于是咀嚼故国生涯成了唯一精神寄托。也就是沉溺于一个美丽漫长的梦境中。由这梦境又进而思索人生,承接苏轼、辛弃疾那些最深情无奈的感喟,发展为对人生如梦的论断、开启了元曲蔑视功名、崇尚隐逸的清歌。但无论由故国消逝为据的人生之梦何等沉酣,却有一根敏感的神经仍然惊警戒惧,那就是忘节清名。如果把宋亡比作大悲剧,那么遗民词就是唱在它尾声的一支支咏叹调,每支咏叹调都在作着同一种表白:妾身元是分明目;整个遗民词贯穿着一个主题:留得声名万古香。
In 1279, the Southern Song dynasty extinguished Yuan Meng, and some of its elites were abandoned beyond the bustling time and space of Song Dynasty. The group of passionate and righteous people nurtured by the Han culture, under the alien domination, has basically the same psychological structure: “Endure the main clothes and make a human being?” They either refused or were unwilling to go to Yuan Dynasty and chewed Therefore, the country’s life has become the only spiritual sustenance. That is to indulge in a beautiful and long dreams. From this dream and then thinking about life, to undertake Su Shi, Xin Qiji the feelings of the most affectionate helpless, developed into a life-dreaming thesis, opened the defiance of fame Yuanqu, advocating reclusive songs. However, no matter from the dream of the life of the country disappeared intoxicated, but there is a sensitive nerve is still alarmed, that is forgotten naming. If the Song Dynasty compared to the tragedy, then the word is to sing the end of the singing sing in its aria, each arias are doing the same kind of confession: concubine body element is distinct; the whole survivor word runs through a theme: stay Famed incense.