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随着市场化进程的日益深入和政府职能的转变,国家鼓励民间资本进入卫生、教育、文化、养老等传统公益事业领域,公共设施在投资主体、经营属性以及是否承担政府托底职能等方面呈多元发展趋势。在此背景下,如何科学合理调控空间资源,在守住政府兜底底线的同时,为市场化运作留出空间,给城市规划管理工作带来一定挑战。2012年开始施行的新版城市用地分类标准在厘清政府与市场各自职能和利益方面做了一些有益探索,本文对从新国标的理解和运用出发,研究辨析多元发展背景下的公共设施用地分类方法,同时提出为更好地兼顾政府兜底和市场发展的双重任务,应当在规划编制和实施管理中把握好控规调控的刚性与弹性、加强公共设施项目规划选址研究以及建立多部门联合监管机制。
With the deepening marketization process and the change of government functions, the state encourages private capital to enter into the fields of traditional public welfare such as health, education, culture and old-age pension, and public facilities are in the aspects of investment main body, management attributes and assuming the government’s bottom-office function Multiple development trends. Against this background, how to regulate space resources scientifically and reasonably, while holding the government’s bottom line, makes room for market-oriented operation, which will bring some challenges to urban planning and management work. In 2012, the new edition of urban land use classification has made some useful explorations in clarifying the respective functions and interests of the government and the market. Based on the understanding and application of the new national standard, this paper studies the classification of public facilities land use in the context of diversified development. In order to give better consideration to the dual tasks of the government and market development, we should grasp the rigidity and flexibility of regulation and control in planning and implementation management, strengthen the research on the site selection and planning of public facilities projects and establish a multi-department joint supervision mechanism.