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为研究煤矿开采沉陷区域坡地土壤养分运移规律,采用室内降雨模拟方法,研究了降雨条件下沉陷区域坡地土壤养分随坡度变化的迁移规律、土壤养分含量的空间分布规律及随时间的变化规律。结果表明,降雨条件下,在一定沉陷坡度范围内,土壤养分含量随着坡度增加而减少。同一采样点不同深度,接近地表处的土壤养分含量随坡度的增加而大幅度减小,深层土壤的养分含量随坡度变化的幅度不大。坡度大于0°的坡面土壤养分含量从坡顶到坡底呈增加的趋势,接近地表处土壤养分含量从坡顶到坡底大幅度增加,深层土壤养分含量从坡顶到坡底缓慢增加。坡度大于0°的坡面在坡底附近区域出现了速效氮、速效钾、有机质的富集现象。接近地表处土壤速效氮、有机质含量随时间的增加而减少的趋势,速效磷含量随时间没有显著变化规律,接近地表处土壤速效钾含量随时间的增加而增加。
In order to study the law of soil nutrient transport on sloping land in subsidence area of coal mines, indoor rainfall simulation method was used to study the law of soil nutrient distribution along sloping, the spatial distribution of soil nutrient content and its variation with time under the condition of rainfall. The results showed that the soil nutrient content decreased with the increase of slope within the range of subsidence under the condition of rainfall. At different depths of the same sampling point, the soil nutrient content near the surface greatly decreases with the increase of slope degree, and the nutrient content of deep soil varies little with slope. The soil nutrient content of the slope with a slope greater than 0 ° tended to increase from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, and the soil nutrient content near the surface increased greatly from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope. The soil nutrient content slowly increased from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope. In the slope slope greater than 0 °, available nitrogen, available potassium and organic matter were found near the bottom of the slope. At the surface near the surface, soil available N and organic matter content decreased with the increase of time. There was no significant change trend of available P content with time. Soil available K concentration near the surface increased with time.