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标准粒子是单分散相的固体球形粒子。标准粒子的大小要均匀,几何直径频度分布的几何标准偏差小于1.2,约相当于平均直径的相对标准偏差小于20％。标准粒子可以用无机的或有机的材料制成;材料可以是水溶性的,或者是难溶性的。标准粒子具有一些物理、化学特性,因此在许多科学技术领域都得到了广泛的应用。在工业卫生和环境科学方面,主要使用空气动力学直径小于10微米的粒子。用于气溶胶的采样、计数装置的刻度,以及吸入研究中。在医学科学技术方面,如临床检验和诊断、免疫技术、细胞学研究,以及血液循环研究中,应用
Standard particles are monodisperse solid spherical particles. The standard particle size should be uniform, the geometrical standard deviation of geometric diameter frequency distribution should be less than 1.2, and the relative standard deviation corresponding to the average diameter should be less than 20%. Standard particles can be made from inorganic or organic materials; the materials can be water-soluble or poorly-soluble. Standard particles have some physical and chemical properties and are therefore widely used in many fields of science and technology. In industrial hygiene and environmental science, particles that are aerodynamically less than 10 microns in diameter are predominantly used. Sampling for aerosols, calibration of counting devices, and inhalation studies. In medical science and technology, such as clinical testing and diagnosis, immunization techniques, cytology, and blood circulation research, application