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目的探讨不同体重小学高年级学生的行为抑制功能及其与体质量指数的关系,为儿童超重肥胖发生机制研究提供基础资料。方法采用行为抑制的经典实验心理方法“停止信号任务(Stop Signal Task,SST)”范式及其变式,对体重超重小学四、五年级学生(超重组,23例)和正常体重儿童(对照组,40例)的行为抑制能力进行测定分析。结果在经典SST中,超重组中性图片任务的停止任务反应时(SSRT中性)(458.24 ms)及抑制失败率[P(r/s)中性](64.22%)均高于对照组的SSRT中性(382.07 ms)及P(r/s)中性(47.98%)(t值分别为2.799,3.714,P值均<0.05)。在SST变式中,超重组在食物图片任务或物件图片任务中的SSRT(406.20 ms,352.36 ms)和食物图片任务的P(r/s)(65.57%)均高于对照组的SSRT(289.34 ms,286.86 ms)及食物图片任务P(r/s)(46.20%)。超重组在食物图片任务的SSRT和P(r/s)均高于其在物件图片任务的SSRT和P(r/s)(P<0.05),对照组则差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。BMI与SSRT中性、SSRT物件、SSRT食物、P(r/s)中性、P(r/s)物件均呈正相关(r值分别为0.387,0.308,0.436,0.489,0.485,P值均<0.05)。结论超重儿童的行为抑制功能较正常体重儿童差,超重儿童面对食物刺激时行为抑制功能水平更低。行为抑制功能水平与BMI存在负相关。
Objective To investigate the behavioral inhibition of high school students of different weights and their relationship with body mass index to provide basic data for the study of the mechanism of overweight and obesity in children. Methods Using the classical experimental psychology of behavioral inhibition and the Stop Signal Task (SST) paradigm and its variants, we evaluated the effects of the four factors on the prevalence of overweight in primary and secondary fifth graders (overweight group, 23 cases) and normal weight children Control group, 40 cases) were measured and analyzed. Results In the classic SST, the task of stopping task reaction (SSRT neutrality) (458.24 ms) and inhibition failure rate [P (r / s) neutrality] (64.22%) in the overweight group neutral picture task were higher than those in the control group SSRT was neutral (382.07 ms) and P (r / s) was neutral (47.98%) (t = 2.799 and 3.714, P <0.05 respectively). In the SST variant, SSRT (406.20 ms, 352.36 ms) and P (r / s) (65.57%) of the food picture task in the overweight group were higher than those in the control group (289.34 ms, 286.86 ms) and food picture tasks P (r / s) (46.20%). The SSRT and P (r / s) of the overweight group were higher than those of the SSRT and P (r / s) groups in the food image task (P <0.05), but no significant difference in the control group (P> 0.05 ). There was a positive correlation between BMI and SSRT neutrality, SSRT objects, SSRT food, P (r / s) neutrality and P (r / s) objects (r values were 0.387,0.308,0.436,0.489,0.485, P < 0.05). Conclusion Overweight children have worse behavioral inhibition than normal children, and overweight children have lower behavioral inhibition in the face of food irritation. The level of behavioral inhibition was negatively correlated with BMI.