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采集吉林省玉米植株及土壤样品 ,研究不同土壤类型和肥力、玉米不同品种和生育时期土壤 植物系统根际养分动态变化及植物吸收的相互关系 .结果表明 ,玉米地土壤NH+ 4 N、NO-3 N在根际富集 ,其变化主要与化肥供应有关 .高肥力土壤根际有效磷亏缺 ,种植密度越大 ,根际亏缺率越大 ;低肥力土壤则有效磷在根际略高 .高肥力土壤有效钾较高 ,根际有效钾富集也更明显 .茎叶、根对养分的吸收量顺序为 :N≈K >P ,籽实的吸收量大小为 :N >K >P .化学肥料在本地区玉米产量的贡献率仅 1/5～ 1/3 ,其余 2 /3～ 4/5来自施用的有机肥料如鸡粪、牛粪等以及土壤有机、矿质养分的供应 .
The maize plants and soil samples were collected from Jilin Province to study the dynamic changes of rhizosphere nutrients and the correlation of plant uptake in different soil types and fertilities, maize varieties and their growth stages.The results showed that NH + 4 N and NO-3 N was mainly enriched in the rhizosphere, and the changes were mainly related to the supply of chemical fertilizers.The available phosphorus in the rhizosphere of high-fertility soils was deficient, the larger the planting density was, the greater the rhizosphere deficit was; and the lower available fertilizers were slightly higher in the rhizosphere. The available potassium was higher in high-fertile soils, and the available potassium in rhizosphere was more obvious. The order of nutrient uptake by stems and leaves and roots was N≈K> P, and the absorption of seeds was: N> K> P.Chemistry The contribution rate of fertilizers to corn production in the region is only 1/5 ~ 1/3, and the remaining 2/3 ~ 4/5 from the application of organic fertilizers such as chicken manure, cow dung and so on, as well as the supply of organic and mineral nutrients in the soil.