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目的了解安化县儿童免疫规划疫苗接种现状,为科学预防接种提供依据。方法采用有限总体抽样法,对该县414名儿童进行免疫规划疫苗接种率调查。结果调查对象建证率100%,建卡率99.76%,卡证符合率86.71%,儿童BCG、OPV、DTP、MV、HepB接种率分别为99.76%、98.06%、97.58%、98.79%、99.28%,HepB首针及时接种率为98.07%;OPV、DTP、MV(复种)加强免疫接种率分别为86.12%、87.69%、98.46%;DTP和OPV加强免疫接种率显著低于基础免疫接种率;扩大免疫规划前MenA、JE、HepA接种率显著低于扩大免疫规划后接种率;不合格接种以超期接种居多。结论安化县儿童免疫规划疫苗基础免疫接种率均维持在较高水平,加强免疫接种率较低,需针对性加强预防接种管理。
Objective To understand the status quo of vaccination for children immunization program in Anhua County and provide the basis for scientific vaccination. Methods A total population sampling method was used to survey the vaccination rate of 414 children in this county. Results The rate of establishing card was 100%, the rate of establishing card was 99.76% and the rate of card matching was 86.71%. The inoculation rates of BCG, OPV, DTP, MV and HepB were 99.76%, 98.06%, 97.58%, 98.79% and 99.28% . The timely vaccination rate of HepB was 98.07%. The boosted rates of OPV, DTP and MV (multiple vaccination) were 86.12%, 87.69% and 98.46% respectively. The boosted immunization rates of DTP and OPV were significantly lower than those of basic immunization. Immunization before MenA, JE, HepA vaccination rates were significantly lower than after immunization program to expand coverage; unqualified vaccination inoculation overdose. Conclusions The basic immunization rate of vaccines for children’s immunization program in Anhua County is maintained at a high level, and the immunization coverage rate is relatively low. Vaccination management should be strengthened in a targeted manner.