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目的掌握凌海地区两个国家监测点地方性氟中毒的病情动态,改水措施运行情况以及改水防氟效果。方法水氟和尿氟用氟离子选择电极法测定,儿童氟斑牙调查采用Dean法进行诊断。结果老窝、巧女两村水氟分别为0.76mg/L和1.68mg/L;8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率分别为3.97%和41.67%;8～12岁儿童尿氟分别为1.79mg/L和4.06mg/L;成人氟骨症临床症状和体征检出率分别为17.54%和16.39%;成人氟骨症X线检出率,分别为16.67%和27.02%。结论巧女村水氟仍超过国家饮水标准,该村没有摆脱高氟的危害,病情没能得到有效控制。而老窝村改水后,防氟措施运行良好,居民一直饮用合格的低氟水源,改水效果明显,现已达到控制病区标准。今后应继续加强防氟措施的管理和建设,只有长期提供合格的低氟水,病情才能得到有效控制。
Objective To understand the state of endemic fluorosis, the operation of water diversion measures and the effect of water diversion and fluoride prevention in two countries in Linghai. Methods Fluoride and fluoride were determined by fluoride ion selective electrode method. Children dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Dean method. Results The water fluoride levels in the two villages were 0.76 mg / L and 1.68 mg / L respectively, while the prevalence rates of dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years were 3.97% and 41.67% respectively. Urinary fluoride in children aged 8-12 years was 1.79 mg / L and 4.06mg / L respectively. The detection rate of clinical symptoms and signs of adult skeletal fluorosis was 17.54% and 16.39% respectively. The detection rates of adult skeletal fluorosis were 16.67% and 27.02% respectively. Conclusion Qiao female village water fluoride is still higher than the national drinking water standards, the village did not get rid of the dangers of high fluoride, the disease failed to be effectively controlled. The old village of water, the anti-fluoride measures well, residents have been drinking qualified low-fluoride water, water change effect is obvious, has now reached the control ward standards. In the future, the management and construction of anti-fluoride measures should continue to be strengthened. Only through the long-term provision of qualified low-fluorine water can the disease be effectively controlled.