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为加快棚架栽培在成龄梨园改造中的推广应用,开发一套梨立式栽培转为棚架栽培的树体改造修剪技术,其要领为:采取“改一间一”“大一小一”改造群体结构;对棚面以下且中部枝段距棚面超过50cm的骨干枝,按照原位更新留桩方法从基部锯除;对留用骨干枝高出架面的枝段,采用“连三锯+拉枝开角”的方法直接拉至贴近架面,或回缩修剪至架面下方30cm左右的分枝处;对中、大型枝组,着生部位不当或延伸方向不适的疏除,骨干枝上新生的长势强的采取“扭压+拉枝”方法水平状分布于棚架,着生部位虽适宜但已衰老的,行原位锯除或原位缺刻更新修剪,骨干枝缺失枝组部位,于晚秋或早春树皮易剥离期,采用打孔插皮接法进行高接。
In order to accelerate the popularization and application of scaffolding cultivation in the transformation of adult pear orchards, develop a tree transformation and pruning technique for converting vertical cultivation of pear to scaffolding cultivation. The essentials are as follows: A small one “to transform the population structure; the backbone of the following and the middle branch of the branch from the shelter more than 50cm of the backbone of the branch, according to the method of in situ replacement saws removed from the base saw; Use ”Even the three saw + pull branches open angle “ method directly pulled close to the shelf surface, or retract trim to the shelf below the branches about 30cm; on the large branch groups, improper or extension of the birth position Directional disarrangement, the backbone of the newborn growing strong to take ”twist + pull branches " method horizontal distribution in the scaffolding, although the birth position is suitable but aging, the line in situ saw or in situ Nick nick update pruning, the backbone of the branches and branches missing parts of the group, in the late autumn or early spring bark easy to peel, the use of perforated plug skin connected high access.