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地中海贫血是一种血红蛋白合成异常所引起的遗传性疾病。据世界卫生组织不完全统计,全世界血红蛋白病基因的携带者有一亿多人,其中发病率最高的是地中海贫血症,每年约有10万名重型患儿死亡。过去认为本病局限于地中海地区的民族中,在意大利的弗拉拉(Ferrara)地区发病率高达20％,希腊、土耳其和塞浦路斯也很多见,故称为地中海贫血(Mediterranean Ane-mia)。现已证明本病分布极为广泛,在中东、印度、巴基斯坦和整个东南亚(尤其在泰国和马来西亚)有相当多的病例发现,非洲某些地区和澳大利亚的巴布亚亦有病例报告,在我国广东、广西、四川一带本病颇为常见,江苏和浙江亦有不少病例报导。鉴于本病在非地中海地区的民族中亦很常见,故国际上已改称
Thalassemia is a hereditary disease caused by hemoglobin synthesis abnormalities. According to incomplete statistics by the World Health Organization, there are more than 100 million carriers of hemoglobinopathies worldwide, of which the highest incidence rate is thalassemia. About 100,000 heavy-duty infants die each year. Among the peoples previously thought to be Mediterranean-bound, the incidence in the Ferrara region of Italy is as high as 20%, with Greece, Turkey and Cyprus also known as Mediterranean Anemia. The disease has been shown to be extremely widespread. Considerable number of cases have been reported in the Middle East, India, Pakistan and throughout South-East Asia (especially in Thailand and Malaysia). Cases have also been reported in some parts of Africa and Papua in Australia. In Guangdong, Guangxi The disease in Sichuan area is quite common, with many cases reported in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Since the disease is also common in non-Mediterranean peoples, it has been internationally renamed