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目的探讨飞行员心理健康状况、在时间维度上的变化规律及其应激状态下的心理学干预效果。方法自１９９０年以来，对某飞行团４４名飞行员的心理健康状况进行纵向追踪研究，采用飞行员心理健康量表，临床症状自评量表及疾病状况调查表以问卷的形式进行心理测试并将收集的数据建档。数据分析采用方差分析、卡方检验和多因素聚类分析等统计学指标。结果①１０年间飞行员个性变化仅发生在焦虑（Ｐ＜０．０１），过度自我关心（Ｐ＜０．０５）及紧张（Ｐ＜０．０１）等与临床症状即时评价相关的个性特征部分。②聚类分析按个性特点将被试者分为三类，过度自我关心型、高敏感型和情绪稳定型，三种个性类型与疾病因子卡方检验统计显示，不同个性类型易患病性不同，第一类人有较高的患病危险性；第二类人有时会因人际摩擦敏感而就诊；而第三类人心理适应度很好。③心理干预前后，临床症状自评量表测评显示：在应激状态下，分类心理干预有较好的疗效。结论该团飞行员在１０年间个性心理有较好的恒常性。心理评定结果的聚类分析便于筛检易患人群。应激状态下采用分类心理干预，有助于现役飞行员的心理调节与情绪改善。
Objective To explore the changes of the pilot’s mental health status in the time dimension and the psychology intervention effect under the stress state. Methods Since 1990, 44 pilot pilots in a certain group have carried out a longitudinal study on the mental health status of their pilots. Psychological tests have been conducted in the form of questionnaires using the Pilots’ Mental Health Scale, the Clinical Symptom Checklist and the Disease Status Questionnaire. Data archiving. Data analysis using analysis of variance, Chi-square test and multi-factor clustering analysis and other statistical indicators. Results ① During the 10 years, the personality changes of pilots only occurred in personality traits related to the immediate evaluation of clinical symptoms such as anxiety (P <0.01), excessive self-care (P <0.05) and stress (P <0.01) (2) Cluster analysis According to personality characteristics, subjects were divided into three categories: over-self-care type, high sensitivity type and emotional stability type. Chi-square test of three personality types and disease factors showed that different personality types had different susceptibility , The first type of people have a higher risk of illness; the second type of people are sometimes due to interpersonal friction sensitive treatment; and the third type of people psychological well. ③ Psychological intervention before and after the clinical symptoms self-rating scale evaluation showed that: in stress state, the classification of psychological intervention has a good effect. Conclusion The pilots of the regiment have a good persistence in personality psychology for 10 years. Cluster analysis of psychological assessment results facilitate the screening of susceptible populations. Under the stress state, the classified psychological intervention is helpful to the psychological adjustment and emotional improvement of active pilots.