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以往的研究理论和矿场实验已经证明,蒸汽泡沫驱是一种有效防止汽窜、提高稠油采收率的方式。本文分析了蒸汽泡沫驱目前所存在的问题,提出了解决办法;回顾了耐温耐盐发泡剂的研究历程,给出了发泡剂的一些合成方法,总结了前人制备高温耐盐发泡剂、复配泡沫体系的研究成果,指出了现有发泡剂的不足;探讨了泡沫产生、流动和稳定机理,从微观方面进一步探寻稳定泡沫的原理;初步介绍了纳米颗粒提高泡沫稳定性的原因,结合泡沫产生和流动的微观机理,分析了纳米颗粒提高蒸汽泡沫驱油效率的实质。最后,展望了蒸汽泡沫驱未来的发展方向。
Previous research theories and mine experiments have proved that steam foam flooding is a way to effectively prevent steam channeling and improve recovery of heavy oil. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current steam foam flooding and puts forward the solutions. The research process of the temperature-resistant salt-tolerant blowing agent is reviewed. Some synthetic methods of the blowing agent are given. Foaming agent and compound foam system, pointed out the insufficiency of the existing foaming agents; explored the mechanism of foam generation, flow and stability, further explored the principle of stable foam from the microscopic point of view; introduced the preliminary improvement of the foam stability The reason of combining the microscopic mechanism of bubble generation and flow is analyzed, and the essence of nano-particles to improve the displacement efficiency of steam foam is analyzed. Finally, the future direction of the development of the steam bubble is prospected.