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目的:研究比较短葶山麦冬茎尖、叶片、块根和果实等不同外植体诱导发生愈伤组织的成功率及多糖积累动态状况。方法:比较2,4-D、蔗糖不同浓度及光照条件等对短葶山麦冬茎尖愈伤组织诱导及愈伤组织继代保持的影响,并对愈伤组织多糖含量动态变化及愈伤组织、试管苗和非试管苗块根中多糖进行了比较研究。结果与结论:以茎尖为外植体愈伤组织诱导率高;2,4-D浓度为1.5～2.0 mg/L时有利于短葶山麦冬茎尖诱导愈伤组织,诱导率达87.5%。添加0.5～1.0 mg/L 2,4-D、20 g/L蔗糖时,茎尖愈伤组织的增殖系数最大,且愈伤组织形态和生长势良好。光照条件不影响愈伤组织的继代保持。茎尖愈伤组织中的多糖含量随培养时间的延长而增加,超过60d后,愈伤组织中多糖含量趋于稳定;培养40～60 d后多糖含量较高,此时愈伤组织生长达到最高速率。短葶山麦冬试管苗产生的块根中多糖含量高于非试管苗块根,愈伤组织多糖含量最低,但其生产多糖的速度较其他2种方式快。
OBJECTIVE: To study the success rate of callus induction and the dynamic state of polysaccharides accumulation of different explants of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus, such as shoot tip, leaf, root and fruit. Methods: The effects of different concentrations of 2,4-D, sucrose and light on the callus induction and the callus maintenance of calli of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus were studied. The dynamic changes of callus content and callus Tissue, plantlets and non-tube seedling root polysaccharides were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The callus induction rate was high when shoot tips were used as explants. When 2,4-D concentration was 1.5-2.0 mg / L, %. When 0.5 ~ 1.0 mg / L 2,4-D and 20 g / L sucrose were added, the shoot tip callus had the highest proliferation coefficient and good callus morphology and growth potential. Light conditions did not affect the subculture of callus. The content of polysaccharide in the shoot tip callus increased with the prolongation of culture time, and after more than 60 days, the content of polysaccharide in callus tended to be stable. After 40-60 days, the polysaccharide content was higher, and the callus growth reached the highest at this time rate. The content of polysaccharides in tuberous roots of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus was higher than that of non-tube seedlings, and the content of polysaccharide in callus was the lowest, but its polysaccharide production rate was faster than the other two methods.