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自然文化遗产是一种特殊的自然资源,其产权内容包含所有权,使用权和转让权。目前我国自然文化遗产产权结构具有高度集中的特点,该特点可能导致责任不明、管理失效等弊端。在历史变迁过程中,我国自然文化遗产资源产权制度可以划分为公共产品阶段和准公共产品两个阶段。公共产品阶段包括封建社会至建国后直到改革开放前,准公共产品阶段为改革开放至今,存在的问题为所有权虚位、产权结构单一和所有者代表的多头性。
Natural and cultural heritage is a special type of natural resource whose title includes ownership, tenure and transfer rights. At present, the structure of property rights of natural and cultural heritage in our country is highly concentrated. This feature may lead to malpractices in liability and management failure. In the process of historical changes, China’s natural and cultural heritage property rights system can be divided into public goods stage and quasi-public goods two stages. The stage of public product includes the feudal society until the founding of the People’s Republic until the reform and opening up, the stage of quasi-public goods for the reform and opening up so far, the existing problems are the ownership, the single ownership structure and the ownership of the owner.