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目前意义研究依然处于众说纷纭的状态,而这种纷乱归根结底主要是由意义与指称、意义的存在层与现象层、意义之对象语言与元语言的层次这三对关系的纠缠引起的。本文试图阐释这三对概念之间的关系。本文的具体思路为:1)进一步区分意义与指称,明确意义研究的对象与语言的指称对象无关,意义只关乎语言自身;2)根据索绪尔语言与言语的区分将意义分为存在层与现象层两个层面,确立意义分层研究的方法论原则;3)借助现代逻辑学,区分意义的逻辑层次。对象语言就是研究的语言对象,元语言不仅是用于研究意义的语言工具,也是对意义的呈现。这三对关系的澄清是使得意义研究道路明晰化的基本区分。
At present, the study of meaning is still in a controversial state, which is mainly caused by the entanglement of meaning and allegation, the existence layer and the phenomenon layer of meaning, the object language of meaning and the level of metalanguage. This article attempts to explain the relationship between these three concepts. The specific idea of this article is: 1) to further distinguish between meaning and allegation, the object of clear meaning research has nothing to do with the alleged object of language, and its meaning is only related to the language itself; 2) According to the distinction between Saussure’s language and speech, The two layers of the phenomenological level, establish the methodological principle of stratification of meaning; 3) use modern logic to distinguish the logical level of meaning. Object language is the language object of study. Metalanguage is not only a linguistic tool for studying meaning, but also a manifestation of meaning. The clarification of these three pairs of relations is the basic distinction that makes the study of meaning meaningful.