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以植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性(DUS)测试指南中选定的49个水稻标准品种为材料,采用农业行业标准(NY/1433-2077)中推荐的24对水稻SSR引物进行DNA指纹图谱构建和遗传多样性分析。结果表明,24对SSR引物在19个籼稻和30个粳稻品种中分别检测到141和156个等位变异,平均每对引物可以检测到5.88(籼稻)和6.50(粳稻)个等位变异;籼、粳稻类群中24对SSR引物的平均Shannon’s多样性指数分别为1.5141(1.0460~1.9959)和1.4389(0.4677~2.4503);经聚类分析后,籼、粳稻群体内品种间的相似系数分别介于0.45~0.81和0.36~0.76,取相似系数0.72为阈值,可将19个籼稻和30个粳稻品种分别分为16类和28类。由此可见,本研究的49个品种的遗传多样性丰富。结合形态性状和基因型聚类分析结果,可将现有的49个水稻DUS测试标准品种减少到46个。
A total of 49 rice standard varieties selected from the Guideline on Specificity, Consistency and Stability of Plant Variety (DUS) were used as materials and 24 pairs of rice SSR primers recommended in the agricultural industry standard (NY / 1433-2077) Fingerprint construction and genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that 141 alleles and 156 alleles were detected in 24 indica rice varieties and 30 japonica rice varieties by 24 pairs of SSR primers. The average number of alleles per primer pair was 5.88 (indica) and 6.50 (japonica) , And the average Shannon’s diversity index of 24 pairs of SSR primers in japonica rice population was 1.5141 (1.0460-1.9959) and 1.4389 (0.4677-2.4503) respectively. After clustering analysis, the similarity coefficients among indica and japonica rice varieties were 0.45 ~ 0.81 and 0.36 ~ 0.76 respectively, and the similar coefficient of 0.72 was used as the threshold value. Nineteen indica and 30 japonica cultivars could be divided into 16 and 28 categories, respectively. Thus, 49 varieties of this study are rich in genetic diversity. According to the morphological traits and genotypic clustering analysis results, the existing 49 rice DUS test standard varieties can be reduced to 46.