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本研究通过两个试验评价了耐盐辣椒A25(Capsicum annuum L.)作为砧木的表现。第一个试验是在普通土壤条件下进行的田间试验,与商业辣椒品种Adige自根植株(A)相比,以A25为砧木的嫁接组合(A/A25)果实产量大大提高(75%),而脐腐病的发病率明显降低(31%)。为深入研究该现象的作用机制,第二个试验于温室中80 mM NaCl处理14 d后,分别检测A和A/A25的长势、矿质成分分布、气体交换、叶绿素荧光参数、抗氧化系统和脯氨酸含量。与对照相比,盐胁迫显著抑制A的植株生长(叶片干质量下降40.6%),而对A/A25没有影响。A/A25与A的叶片及根的离子(Na~+和Cl~-)积累量相似。虽然超氧化物岐化酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶的活性增强,非光化学淬灭增加,保护机制被激活,但A植株光合碳同化明显减少(45.6%),且丙二醛(MDA)大量积累表明植株受到了盐胁迫的伤害。相反,A/A25具有发达的根系,能通过保持光合性能来保证接穗和根系在盐胁迫条件下的生长。在盐胁迫下,A/A25的过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性未发生改变,MDA水平未显著升高,表明A/A25的氧化应激反应没有被激活。在该研究中,脯氨酸水平升高有利于保护由盐胁迫引起的酶稳定性伤害,保证植物的光合性能。以上结果表明,嫁接缓解了盐胁迫对光合作用的负面影响,维持了嫁接植株的长势,提高了商品产量。
In this study, salt tolerance Pepper A25 (Capsicum annuum L.) was evaluated as rootstock performance by two experiments. The first experiment was conducted in a field trial under normal soil conditions. Compared with the commercial Adige self-rooted plant (A), the fruit yield of the grafted combination A25 (A / A25) increased significantly (75%), The incidence of umbilical rot was significantly reduced (31%). In order to further study the mechanism of action of this phenomenon, the second experiment was conducted to detect the growth of A and A / A25, distribution of mineral components, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, antioxidant system, Amino acid content. Compared with the control, salt stress significantly inhibited the growth of plant A (leaf dry weight decreased by 40.6%), but had no effect on A / A25. A / A25 and A leaf and root ions (Na ~ + and Cl ~ -) accumulation similar amount. Although the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase increased, non-photochemical quenching increased, and the protective mechanism was activated, the photosynthetic carbon assimilation of plant A decreased significantly (45.6%), and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation indicates that plants are damaged by salt stress. In contrast, A / A25 has a well-developed root system that ensures the growth of scion and root under salt stress by maintaining photosynthetic properties. Under salt stress, the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase of A / A25 did not change, MDA level did not increase significantly, indicating that the oxidative stress response of A / A25 was not activated. In this study, increasing the proline level is conducive to the protection of the enzyme stability caused by salt stress injury, to ensure photosynthetic properties of plants. The above results show that grafting alleviates the negative effects of salt stress on photosynthesis, maintains the growth of grafted plants and increases the yield of commodities.