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Objective: To analyse the expression of telomerase and apoptosis related protein, and explore the possible mechanism of breast cancer development. Methods: Immunohistochemistry method (SP) was used to detect the expression of hTERT, p53 and bcl-2 in the tissues of 48 cases of human breast cancer and 42 cases of benign lesions in breast. Results:The positive rates of expression of hTERT, p53 and bcl-2 in breast cancer were 87.50%, 56.25% and 54.17%, respectively.Compared with the groups of adjacent noncancerous and benign lesions, there was a significant difference among three types of tissues (P ＜ 0.05). The positive rates of expression of p53 and bcl-2 in the group with positive expression of hTERT were 64.28% and 61.90%, respectively, and their difference was significant compared with the negative group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion: There is a correlation between the activation of telomerases and p53 gene mutation in the development of breast cancer, and they are perhaps relation to the down regulation of bcl-2.