论文部分内容阅读
目的比较北京市城乡心血管疾病相关行为危险因素差别,总结部分农村居民心血管疾病相关行为危险因素特点,为制定适合农村特点的心血管疾病干预策略提供依据。方法采取分层随机抽样方法,从昌平、顺义、房山、大兴四区随机抽取25～64岁的农村户口居民1605人,采用统一的行为危险因素监测调查表,由统一培训的调查员入户调查。结果农村居民开始吸烟的平均年龄早于城市;农村吸烟率为33.8%,高于城市的22.7%,年龄标化率分别为34.5%、23.5%,P<0.05;规律体育锻炼率农村为29.7%,明显低于城市的53.1%,年龄标化率分别为30.5%、53.5%,P<0.05;每周食高脂食品、奶制品超过5d的比例农村为5.9%和16.6%,明显低于城市的8.8%和40.6%,农村年龄标化率分别为5.5%、16.5%,城市年龄标化率分别为9.0%、40.9%,P<0.05;肥胖率农村为16.1%,城市为7.5%,年龄标化率分别为15.9%、10.7%,P<0.05。结论高血压、肥胖以及缺乏运动是农村居民心血管疾病上升迅速的主要原因,因此控制血压、控制体重、规律锻炼是心血管疾病防治的重要策略。
Objective To compare the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in urban and rural areas in Beijing and to summarize the characteristics of some risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases in rural residents and to provide basis for the formulation of cardiovascular disease intervention strategies suitable for rural areas. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to randomly select 1605 rural residents aged from 25 to 64 from four districts of Changping, Shunyi, Fangshan and Daxing. The questionnaire was monitored by unified behavioral risk factors, . Results The average age at which rural residents began to smoke was earlier than that in urban areas. The prevalence of smoking in rural areas was 33.8%, 22.7% higher than that in urban areas, with age-standardized rates of 34.5% and 23.5%, respectively, P <0.05. , Significantly lower than the city’s 53.1%, the age of the standardization rates were 30.5%, 53.5%, P <0.05; per week fed high-fat foods, dairy products more than 5d the proportion of rural areas was 5.9% and 16.6%, significantly lower than the city Of the urban areas were 8.8% and 40.6% respectively. The annualized rates in rural areas were 5.5% and 16.5%, respectively. The urbanization rates were 9.0% and 40.9%, respectively, P <0.05. Obesity rates were 16.1% in rural areas, 7.5% Standardization rates were 15.9%, 10.7%, P <0.05. Conclusion Hypertension, obesity and lack of exercise are the main reasons for the rapid increase of cardiovascular diseases in rural residents. Therefore, controlling blood pressure, controlling weight and exercising regularly are important strategies for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.