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采用盆栽试验研究不同氮肥水平对玉米生育后期叶片衰老和保护酶系统的影响。结果表明,玉米衰老与氮素营养间有密切的关系,不施氮肥处理玉米生育后期保护酶活性和可溶性蛋白(Pro)含量迅速下降,导致玉米衰老严重;当适量增加氮肥用量(247.5 kg/hm2)时,可明显提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和可溶性蛋白(Pro)含量,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量,能有效延缓玉米生育后期叶片的衰老。因此,合理施肥量是保证玉米生育后期预防早衰的有效方法,氮素养分缺乏或过量均会使叶片保护酶活性降低,较早进入衰老状态。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen levels on leaf senescence and protective enzyme system during later growth period in maize. The results showed that there was a close relationship between nitrogen senescence and maize senescence. The activities of protective enzymes and soluble protein (Pro) decreased rapidly at the later growth stage of maize without nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in severe senescence of maize. When appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer (247.5 kg / hm2 ) Could significantly increase the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and soluble protein (Pro) and decrease the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), which could effectively delay the leaf senescence of maize. Therefore, a reasonable amount of fertilizer is an effective way to ensure the prevention of premature senility in later growth stage of maize. The lack or excess of nitrogen could reduce the activity of protective enzyme in leaves and enter senescence earlier.