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用固相放射免疫分析技术,对58例乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者家庭,研究乙型肝炎传染性唾液的意义及传播途径的结果显示:唾液携带乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)者的手检出HBsAg的阳性率明显高于唾液无HBsAg者的手,阳性率分别为35.2％和7.3％,P<0.025。唾液携带HBsAg者家庭外环境物品的HBsAg污染相当严重,其HBsAg阳性率高达18.57％,显著高于唾液不含HBsAg者家庭的8.92％,P<0.05。进一步研究启示,HBsAg污染的手在这方面是一个重要传播媒介:手检测到HBsAg的家庭里,外环境物品HBsAg阳性率高达39.2％,而在手HBsAg阴性的家庭仅6.09％,P<0.001。研究还显示,半年内有皮肤外伤史的接触者的血液HBsAg阳性率与携带者唾液内有无HBsAg有密切关系。根据手携带HBsAg能明显污染家庭环境物品的情况,推理这些受传染性唾液污染的手同样可以在接触别人皮肤时将乙型肝炎病毒污染其皮肤,并通过皮肤伤口侵入引起感染。
The results of solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) on 58 families of hepatitis B surface antigen carriers and their study on the significance and transmission of infectious salivary hepatitis B showed that saliva hand-detected by HBsAg-positive patients The positive rate of HBsAg was significantly higher than salivary without HBsAg, the positive rates were 35.2% and 7.3%, P <0.025. HBsAg in the saliva carrying HBsAg were serious in the external environment, with the positive rate of HBsAg as high as 18.57%, which was significantly higher than 8.92% of the families without salivary HBsAg, P <0.05. Further research suggests that HBsAg-contaminated hands are an important vehicle in this regard: HBsAg positive cases in out-of-home items in hand-detected HBsAg families are as high as 39.2%, compared to 6.09% in HBsAg-negative households (P <0.001). The study also showed that within six months of contact with the history of skin trauma, the positive rate of HBsAg and carrier HBsAg in saliva are closely related. According to the situation that hand-carrying HBsAg can obviously contaminate household environment items, it is inferred that these hands contaminated with infectious saliva also can infect other’s skin with hepatitis B virus and cause infection through skin wound invaders.