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目的:探讨医学生死亡态度与自杀意念的关系,以及自我效能感在其中可能的中介效应。方法:采用死亡态度描绘量表(DAP-R)、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)和一般自我效能感量表(GSES),对某医学院437名医学生进行问卷调查。结果:1逃避死亡接受与自杀意念各因子均呈显著正相关(r=0.382,0.184,0.268,0.378;P<0.001),自然死亡接受与乐观因子、睡眠因子及自杀意念总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.148,-0.226,-0.164;P<0.01);2逃避死亡接受对自杀意念有显著的正向预测作用(t=6.871,P<0.001),自然死亡接受对自杀意念有显著的负向预测作用(t=-2.469;P<0.05);3自我效能感在逃避死亡接受和自然死亡接受对自杀意念的作用中均起部分中介作用(c’/b=-1.243,3.616;P<0.001)。结论:对医学生进行死亡教育,提高自我效能感,可有效的减少自杀意念的产生。
Objective: To explore the relationship between medical students’ attitudes toward death and suicidal ideation and the possible mediating effect among them. Methods: 437 medical students in a medical college were surveyed by using DAP-R, SIOSS and GSES. Results: 1 There was a significant positive correlation between escape avoidance and suicide ideation (r = 0.382,0.184,0.268,0.378; P <0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between natural death acceptance and optimism factors, sleep factors and suicide ideation scores (r = -0.148, -0.226, -0.164; P <0.01). 2 Escape avoidance had a significant positive predictive value for suicidal ideation (t = 6.871, P <0.001) Negative predictive value (t = -2.469; P <0.05) .3 The self-efficacy played a partial mediating role in escaping death acceptance and natural death accepting effects on suicidal ideation (c ’/ b = -1.243,3.616; P <0.001). Conclusion: The death education of medical students to improve self-efficacy, can effectively reduce the generation of suicidal ideation.