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皮尔斯符号学最突出的特点是讲符号之间的互动(对立统一)、互动推动人类认知向深度和广度发展。《矛盾论》的第一句话就是:“事物的矛盾法则,即对立统一的法则,是唯物辩证法的根本法则。”因此,用《矛盾论》的观点来讨论皮尔斯符号学有很强的针对性。文章首先介绍了皮尔斯符号学的哲学基础和理论要点,然后试图用《矛盾论》的观点分析皮尔斯符号学。文章认为:人类符号活动的总体是思维、认知与表达、交流。思维、认知与表达、交流构成人类符号活动的两大矛盾方面。皮尔斯符号学侧重研究思维、认知,而索绪尔语言符号学侧重研究表达、交流。皮尔斯符号的三个关联物“符号代表物”(representamen)、“对象”(object)和“解释者”(interpretant)构成皮尔斯符号学的矛盾总体,它们之间的对立统一推动人类认知向前发展。“解释者”是这一组矛盾中的核心并且始终是主要矛盾方面。皮尔斯符号的三种三分法:代表可能性的qualisign、代表事实的sinsign和代表事物发展规律的legisign;按照符号代表物与对象之间关系划分的三种符号——有相似关系的象似符号(icon)、有因果/依存关系的标志符号(index)和有社会共识的象征符号(symbol);代表一种可能性的rheme,代表一种事实的dicisign和代表一种理性的argument。这三组符号体现三种矛盾的特殊性,并分别说明符号活动的过程、方式和结果。虽然目前皮尔斯符号学在语言学中的直接应用并不多,或尚未被人们充分认识,但它的互动(对立统一)观点已经对语言学科产生很大影响并将继续产生更大影响,成为语言学科发展的科学动力之一。
Peirce semiotics is the most prominent feature of the interaction between symbols (unity of opposites), interaction to promote the depth and breadth of human cognitive development. The first sentence of “contradiction theory” is: “The contradictory law of things, that is, the law of unity of opposites, is the fundamental law of materialist dialectics.” Therefore, there is a strong argument about Pierce’s semiotics from the perspective of “contradiction theory.” Targeted. The article first introduces the philosophical basis and theoretical points of Pierce’s Semiotics, and then attempts to analyze Pierce’s semiotics from the perspective of “contradictory theory.” The article thinks: The overall symbol of human activities is thinking, cognition and expression, communication. Thinking, cognition, expression and exchange are two contradictory aspects of human symbolic activities. Pierce semiotics focuses on thinking and cognition, while Saussure’s linguistic semiology focuses on research and expression and communication. The three associations of Pierce symbols, the “representamen”, the “object” and the “interpretant”, constitute the antinomies of Pierce semiotics and their unity of opposites Promote the development of human cognition. The “interpreter” is central to this set of conflicts and has always been the primary contradiction. Three trisections of the Pierce sign: the qualisign representing the possibility, the signign representing the truth, and the legisign representing the law of things; the three symbols divided by the relationship between symbolic representations and objects - Iconic symbols with similar relationships (icon), signs of causal / dependent relationships and social symbols of consensus; rheme representing a possibility, dicisign representing a fact, and an argument representing a rationality. These three groups of symbols embody the particularities of the three contradictions and explain the process, methods and results of symbolic activities respectively. Although Peirce’s semiotics has not been directly applied in linguistics or has not yet been fully recognized by people, its viewpoints of interaction (unity of opposites) have had a great influence on linguistics and will continue to exert greater influence as language One of the scientific motives for discipline development.