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目的分析灵宝市肺结核发病水平及流行病学特点,为控制结核病提供科学依据。方法回顾分析2011年1月~2013年12月我市1 845例结核病患者的临床资料,对其流行病学特征、年龄分布、职业分布、季度分布、性别分布、地区分布等情况进行调查和分析。结果在1 845例结核病患者中新发涂阳患者749例,新发涂阳率40.50%,近三年我市肺结核发病呈逐年下降趋势,以15~54岁人群发病率最高,占患者总数80.60%;农民发病率最高,占86.20%,其次为学生,占5.40%;病人发现以每年春季为多;男性患者多于女性患者。结论灵宝市肺结核发病虽然每年呈下降趋势,但仍处于高发病水平,大多数病例发生在农村,发病年龄有年轻化趋势,提示防控工作以农村农民、青少年学生为主。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Lingbao City and provide a scientific basis for controlling tuberculosis. Methods The clinical data of 1845 tuberculosis patients in our city from January 2011 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The epidemiological characteristics, age distribution, occupation distribution, quarterly distribution, gender distribution and regional distribution were investigated and analyzed . Results A total of 749 new smear-positive smears were found in 1845 cases of TB patients, with a smear-positive rate of 40.50%. In the recent three years, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in our city showed a decreasing trend year by year, with the highest incidence in the population aged 15-54, accounting for 80.60% %; The highest incidence of farmers, accounting for 86.20%, followed by students, accounting for 5.40%; patients found to spring more each year; more male patients than women. Conclusion Although the incidence of tuberculosis in Lingbao City is declining every year, it is still at a high incidence. Most cases occur in the rural areas, and the age of onset tends to be young. This indicates that the prevention and control work is mainly conducted by rural peasants and young students.