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德国在第一次世界大战战败后,被迫接受《凡尔赛和约》。根据和约,德国被割出1/8的领土(约7万平方公里)、1/10的人口(约600万),其全部海外殖民地(共290万平方公里)由国联委任英国、法国、比利时和日本等国统治。德国的军备受到严格限制,陆军不得超过10万人,海军只能拥有36艘舰艇,并不得拥有潜艇和空军。除此之外,德国必须向战胜国赔款1 320亿金马克。《凡尔赛和约》限制了德国主权,德国的民族自尊心受到伤害,从而为复仇主义提供了可乘之机。
After the defeat of the First World War, Germany was forced to accept the Treaty of Versailles. According to the peace treaty, Germany was cut off 1/8 of its territory (about 70,000 km2) and 1/10 of its population (about 6 million), and all its overseas colonies (2.9 million km2) were appointed by the League of Nations to Britain, France and Belgium And Japan and other countries rule. Germany’s military was severely restricted, the army can not exceed 100,000 people, the Navy can only have 36 ships, and may not have submarines and the Air Force. In addition, Germany must indemnify its victorious country a gold price of 132 billion. The Treaty of Versailles limits Germany’s sovereignty and Germany’s national pride is harmed, thus providing an opportunity for revenge.