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目的分析医院感染多药耐药菌的流行分布及耐药性,为临床合理用药提供科学依据,提高预防感染水平。方法对2013年6月—2014年5月的临床标本进行病原菌分离,按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行细菌培养与鉴定;采用CLSI推荐的K-B法进行药敏实验。结果共检出病原菌518株,其中多药耐药菌138株,多药耐药菌检出率为26.64%,多药耐药菌中革兰阴性菌占81.88%(113/138),主要为大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌,分别为36.96%、16.67%、8.70%;多药耐药菌中革兰阳性菌占18.12%(25/138),主要为金黄色葡萄球菌、肠球菌属,分别为6.52%、5.80%。结论医院分离的多耐药菌革兰阴性菌占主导地位,提示临床医师应根据病原菌耐药特点,合理选择抗菌药物;加强多药耐药菌的监管,预防和减少多药耐药菌的产生。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and drug resistance of hospital-acquired multi-drug resistant bacteria and provide a scientific basis for clinical rational drug use and to improve the level of prevention of infection. Methods Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from clinical specimens from June 2013 to May 2014, and bacterial culture and identification were carried out in accordance with the “National Clinical Laboratory Procedures”. K-B method recommended by CLSI was used for susceptibility testing. Results A total of 518 pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which 138 were multidrug-resistant, with multi-drug resistant bacteria being detected in 26.64% and multi-drug resistant bacteria accounting for 81.88% (113/138), mainly Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were 36.96%, 16.67% and 8.70% respectively. Gram-positive bacteria in multidrug-resistant bacteria accounted for 18.12% (25/138) Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, respectively, 6.52%, 5.80%. Conclusions The multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated in hospital dominate, suggesting that clinicians should choose antibacterial drugs reasonably according to the characteristics of drug resistance of pathogens, strengthen the supervision of multidrug-resistant bacteria, prevent and reduce the production of multidrug-resistant bacteria .