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目的分析张家界市麻疹流行病学特征,为制订本市麻疹消除和防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集麻疹监测信息报告管理系统2008~2015年报告的张家界市麻疹病例资料及免疫接种资料进行统计分析。结果张家界市2008~2015年共报告麻疹病例802例。受强化免疫影响,各年度间麻疹发病率波动较大,2009、2010和2014年实施全市麻疹类疫苗强化免疫活动后,次年麻疹发病率均显著下降;发病时间主要集中在3-6月;发病人群主要为6岁以下儿童,占病例总数的81.17%;病例以散居儿童为主,占64.84%;8月龄-6岁免疫规划目标儿童中,无免疫史者占64.26%。结论加强儿童麻疹类疫苗免疫接种工作,提高麻疹疫苗接种率,是消除麻疹的重要举措。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Zhangjiajie City and provide a scientific basis for formulating the measles elimination and prevention and control strategies in this Municipality. Methods Collect measles case data and immunization data of Zhangjiajie City from 2008 to 2015, which is reported by the monitoring information report management system of measles, for statistical analysis. Results A total of 802 measles cases were reported from 2008 to 2015 in Zhangjiajie City. Influenced by intensive immunization, the incidence of measles fluctuated greatly during each year. The incidence of measles in the following year decreased significantly after the 2009, 2010 and 2014 measles vaccine intensified immunization activities in the city. The incidence time mainly concentrated in March to June. The majority of the patients were children under 6 years of age, accounting for 81.17% of the total number of cases. The majority of cases were scattered children, accounting for 64.84%. Of the target children aged 8 months to 6 years old, 64.26% had no history of immunization. Conclusion Strengthening measles vaccine immunization in children and increasing measles vaccination rate are important measures to eliminate measles.