论文部分内容阅读
砂姜黑土是河南省的主要低产土壤之一,面积约1500万亩,占全省总耕地的14％左右,集中分布于信阳、周口、驻马店、许昌和南阳等地区。现将改造砂姜黑土的几项有效的农业措施介绍如下,供这些地区的土地承包农户选用。一、灌溉补水。砂姜黑土区的农业气象特点是年蒸发量大于年降水量1.9倍,降水变率大,冬春干旱。小麦需水和自然降水之间的矛盾非常突出。砂姜黑土的毛管传导度很小,籍地下水补充小麦需水也十分困难。所以,及时补充灌溉,对提高小麦产量有显著效果(表1)。从表可见,喷灌的增产效果最好,而且省工省水。由于砂姜黑土的质地偏重,应重视中耕保
Shajiang black soil is one of the major low-yielding soils in Henan Province with an area of about 15 million mu, accounting for about 14% of the total cultivated land in the province, concentrated in Xinyang, Zhoukou, Zhumadian, Xuchang and Nanyang. We will now introduce several effective agricultural measures for the improvement of Shajiang black soil for the selection of land contract farmers in these areas. First, irrigation water. The characteristics of agro-meteorology in Shajiang black soil area are that the annual evaporation is more than 1.9 times of annual precipitation, the precipitation rate is big, and the winter and spring are drought. The contradiction between water demand and natural precipitation is very prominent. Shajiang black soil capillary conductivity is very small, membership of groundwater to supplement wheat water is also very difficult. Therefore, the timely replenishment of irrigation has a significant effect on increasing wheat yield (Table 1). Can be seen from the table, sprinkler irrigation yield the best, but also save labor and water. As the texture of lime ginger black soil, should pay attention to cultivator