论文部分内容阅读
劳动者权益维护是中国迈入中等收入水平国家行列后面临的重大问题。近年来国家层面维护劳动者权益的法律、法规和政策框架日趋完善,但维权效果却并不尽如人意。所有制和城乡户籍分割是主导劳动者权益维护的核心因素,维权问题突出的农民工群体虽然逐渐受到政策关注,但实际权益提升缓慢,体制内外劳动者的权益相差悬殊;人力资本要素和工会力量的作用相对较弱,基层劳动者通过提升个体素质或集体声音改善权益状况的渠道有待进一步疏通。劳动者多样化的维权需求虽然能在政策制定中得到反映,但是工会主要依据国家需要行使维权职能,因此相对民主政治、依法维权、工时等权益而言,国家政策关注的就业权益在当前的制度框架中更受到重视。总体而言,中国的维权制度并非部分研究所描述的那样没有对劳动者权益维护产生正面影响,而是表现为“局部有效性”和“供需非均衡”并存。
The protection of workers' rights and interests is a major issue that China faces after it enters the ranks of middle-income countries. In recent years, the legal, regulatory and policy framework for safeguarding the rights and interests of laborers at the national level has been perfected day by day, but the effect of safeguarding their rights is not satisfactory. Ownership and segregation of urban and rural household registration are the core factors leading the protection of rights and interests of laborers. Although migrant workers' groups with prominent rights protection are gradually receiving policy attention, actual rights and interests are slowed down and the rights and interests of workers both inside and outside the system vary greatly. Human capital factors and trade union power The role of grass-roots workers to improve the rights and interests through the promotion of individual qualities or collective voice needs to be further dredged. Although workers 'diversified demands for activists' rights can be reflected in their policy making, the labor unions mainly exercise the functions of safeguarding their rights according to the needs of the country. Therefore, relative to democratic politics, safeguarding rights according to law, working hours and other rights and interests, the employment rights and interests that national policies concern in the current system More attention in the framework. In general, China's rights protection system does not, as some studies describe, do not have a positive impact on the protection of workers' rights. Rather, it shows the coexistence of “local effectiveness ” and “unbalanced supply and demand ”.