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本文论述在电子束焊机所使用的电子枪,负偏压对电位分布、阴极发射电流密度分布,以及对束流特性的影响,从理论分析和实验结果得知:①当电子枪有足够高的负偏压,可以抑制阴极边缘和侧面发射时,电子枪的静电象差减小,能得到直径较小的静电束腰,再经磁透镜会聚后,得到的束斑直径也小。②在三极电子枪的计算中,不能忽略电子的轴向热初速效应的影响。
This paper discusses the electron gun used in electron beam welding, the negative bias potential distribution, the cathode current density distribution, as well as the beam characteristics of the beam from the theoretical analysis and experimental results that: ① When the electron gun has a sufficiently high negative Bias can inhibit the cathode edge and side emission, the electron gun electrostatic reduction decreases, can be smaller diameter electrostatic waist, and then converged by the magnetic lens, the resulting beam spot diameter is small. ② In the calculation of three-pole electron gun, can not ignore the effect of the electron axial axial velocity effect.