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采用高压六面顶在4GPa下制备了Al-15Pb合金并在该压力下进行了热处理。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDX)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、摩擦磨损试验机对制备的Al-15Pb合金进行了微观组织和耐磨性能的研究。结果表明,常压和高压下,Al-15Pb合金均由α-Al相和Pb粒子相组成,但是常压凝固时大量Pb粒子分布于Al基体上,而高压凝固后,Pb粒子数量减少,尺寸减小;高压热处理时,分布于Al基体上的Pb粒子相数量极少,且尺寸很大。常压凝固时,Pb在α-Al相中固溶度为0,高压凝固和高压热处理时,Pb在α-Al相中均有一定的固溶度。高压凝固Al-15Pb合金中α-Al相的硬度比常压时大很多,增大39%,高压热处理态时α-Al相硬度也增大,增大了19%。高压条件制备的Al-15Pb合金的抗磨性能改善,但减摩性能变差。
An Al-15Pb alloy was prepared at a pressure of 4 GPa using a high pressure hexahedral top and heat-treated at this pressure. The microstructure and wear resistance of Al-15Pb alloy were investigated by SEM, EDX, XRD and Friction Tester. The results show that Al-15Pb alloy consists of α-Al phase and Pb particle under atmospheric pressure and high pressure. However, a large number of Pb particles are distributed on the Al matrix at atmospheric pressure. After high-pressure solidification, the amount of Pb particles decreases and the size Decreases. In the high-pressure heat treatment, the amount of Pb particles distributed on the Al matrix is extremely small and large in size. At atmospheric pressure, Pb has a certain solid solubility in the α-Al phase when the solid solubility of Pb in the α-Al phase is 0, high pressure solidification and high pressure heat treatment. The hardness of α-Al phase in high-pressure solidified Al-15Pb alloy is much larger than that under atmospheric pressure, increasing by 39%. The hardness of α-Al phase also increases by 19% in high-pressure heat treatment. The wear resistance of Al-15Pb alloy prepared under high-pressure conditions is improved, but the anti-friction performance is poor.