论文部分内容阅读
血液透析疗法,是治疗终末期尿毒症病人的有效方法。各种慢性肾病久治不愈,其最后结局是发生肾功能衰竭。当肾功能损害严重内科治疗已不再能起作用时只有采用维持性血液透析,或者经过血液透析为肾移植创造条件。现就有关慢性肾衰竭患者接受血液透析治疗的几个问题,简述如下。一、慢性肾衰病人何时开始透析 1.当肾功能丧失达95％以上,内生肌酐清除率接近于5ml/分时,应作好透析的一切准备。2.慢性肾衰患者在饮食控制无效,丧失劳动力时,或者病人出现氮的负平衡,肌肉不断消瘦时就应开始血液透析,此时血肌酐浓度大于1000μmol/L。3.出现尿毒症性心包炎和末梢神经病变,则是进行透析的绝对指征,此时如不及时透析,可导致死亡或者永久性残废。二、透析方法及透析效果目前国内外大都采用
Hemodialysis is an effective treatment for patients with end-stage uremia. A variety of chronic kidney disease long treatment, the final outcome is the occurrence of renal failure. When renal impairment is serious medical treatment is no longer functional when only using maintenance hemodialysis, or through hemodialysis to create the conditions for kidney transplantation. Now on the patients with chronic renal failure hemodialysis treatment of several issues, summarized as follows. First, patients with chronic renal failure when dialysis 1. When the loss of renal function of more than 95%, endogenous creatinine clearance rate close to 5ml / min, all dialysis should be prepared. Chronic renal failure patients in the diet control is invalid, loss of labor, or patients with negative nitrogen balance, muscle wasting should begin when hemodialysis, when serum creatinine concentration greater than 1000μmol / L. 3. Uremic secondary pericarditis and peripheral neuropathy, it is the absolute indication for dialysis, this time if not timely dialysis, can lead to death or permanent disability. Second, the dialysis method and dialysis effect Mostly used at home and abroad