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英国当代小说家艾丽丝.默多克虽以其文学作品饱享国际盛誉,但她同时也是英国当代重要的哲学家,了解其哲学是透彻解析其文学作品的关键。默多克哲学涵盖很多与现实人生密切相关的概念,但其精神核心可简言之为对“自由的人在偶然性的现实中如何道德地生活”的探索。在肯定“人是自由”的前提下,通过辨析“自由”的真假两面性,把“道德”与“自由”融为一体,是默多克哲学的成功之处;在此基础上提出的“善”之信仰,则是其耀眼的闪光点。默多克的哲学不仅使其小说创作意蕴深刻、独具特色,对人们的现实生活也有非常积极的启发与引导意义。
Although her contemporary novelist Alice Whitaker enjoys an international reputation for her literary works, she is also an important contemporary philosopher in the UK and understands that her philosophy is the key to a thorough analysis of her literary work. Murdoch’s philosophy covers many concepts that are closely related to real life, but its spiritual core can be simply an exploration of how “free people live morally in contingent reality.” On the premise of affirming that “human beings are free”, merging “morality” with “freedom” is the success of Murdoch’s philosophy by distinguishing between true and false sides of “freedom” On this basis, the belief of “goodness” is the dazzling flash point. Murdoch’s philosophy not only makes his novel creation profound and unique, but also has very positive inspiration and guiding significance for people’s real life.