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大尺度、高精度的绝对距离测量在卫星编队飞行、自由空间通信、大尺寸工件检测等前沿应用中具有举足轻重的作用.本文利用飞秒激光脉冲的飞行时间方法对一段52m的大气传输路径进行了绝对距离测量.通过平衡光学互相关技术探测目标反射脉冲与参考脉冲之间的时间误差,并利用得到的平衡互相关电压信号反馈控制谐振腔长,将脉冲间隔的整数倍精确锁定至往返距离,最后由飞秒激光的重复频率确定目标反射脉冲的飞行时间.这一测量方案有效地避免了直接光电探测造成的飞行时间分辨率的损失.实验中,采用工作在1.04μm波段的高重复频率掺Yb锁模光纤激光器作为飞秒激光源,在1s的平均时间下获得了12nm的测量精度.
The large-scale and high-precision absolute distance measurement plays a decisive role in frontier applications such as satellite formation flight, free space communication and large-size workpiece inspection.In this paper, a 52 m long atmospheric transmission path is carried out using the time-of-flight method of femtosecond laser pulses Absolute distance measurement.By detecting the time error between the target reflection pulse and the reference pulse by the balanced optical cross-correlation technique, the resonant cavity length is feedback-controlled by the obtained balanced cross-correlation voltage signal, the integer multiple of the pulse interval is accurately locked to the round-trip distance, Finally, the repetition frequency of the femtosecond laser is used to determine the flight time of the target reflection pulse.This measurement scheme effectively avoids the loss of the flight time resolution caused by direct photodetection.In the experiment, using the high repetition frequency doping Yb mode-locked fiber laser as a femtosecond laser source, the average time of 1s obtained 12nm measurement accuracy.