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小麦锈病曾是历史上对小麦危害最严重的病害。现在,病原体发生了很大变化的秆锈病和条锈病又给小麦生产造成了极大威胁。秆锈病新的有毒形式被标识为Ug99,能够快速传播和变异。全球大部分商业小麦品种都容易受Ug99感染;不仅如此,新的、侵略性更大的条锈病也正在大面积肆虐,关键的抗体基因遭到破坏和种植品种的遗传均一性加速了条锈病的流行。虽然全球正在抵御秆锈病威胁并已经获得了成功,但是遏制条锈病还迫切需要努力。应对小麦锈病带来的挑战将需要继续和持续的投资。
Wheat rust has historically been the hardest hit by wheat. Stem and stripe rust diseases, which have undergone major pathogen changes, now pose a great threat to wheat production. The new, toxic form of stem rust is identified as Ug99, which can spread rapidly and mutate. Moreover, most commercial wheat cultivars worldwide are susceptible to Ug99 infection; moreover, new and more aggressive stripe rust is also raging, with the critical antibody genes being disrupted and the genetic homogeneity of cultivated species accelerated popular. Although the global community is resisting the threat of stalk rust and has already achieved success, there is an urgent need to curb it. The challenge to wheat rust will require continued and sustained investment.