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目的分析住院新生儿疾病构成的变化趋势,为今后调整围生期保健重点提供科学依据。方法2004年1月-2008年12月本院儿科共收治新生儿病例698例,回顾性查阅所有新生儿病例的相关数据,将出院诊断按年份进行统计,分析5a间本院新生儿疾病构成的变化趋势。结果1.本院5a间住院新生儿前10位疾病比较集中,前3种疾病为早产儿、新生儿HIE、新生儿高胆红素血症,共占新生儿疾病的42.84%。2.疾病构成的特点:早产儿在疾病构成中一直位居前3位;新生儿HIE在疾病构成中的排位由第8位跃居第1位或第2位,构成比由4.93%升至15.00%以上(P<0.01);新生儿高胆红素血症、新生儿窒息的排位比较稳定;近2a新生儿咽下综合征的发生明显减少,已退出前10位;新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征在疾病构成中呈上升趋势;新生儿败血症的疾病构成和排位都呈下降趋势,由2005年的13.48%降至2008年的2.13%(P<0.01)。3.新生儿感染性疾病构成中的前3位疾病构成较稳定,为新生儿败血症、新生儿肺炎和新生儿皮肤感染(共占85.59%)。结论近5a间本院住院新生儿的疾病构成中以非感染性疾病为主,围生期保健重点应当是采取各种措施,预防新生儿非感染性疾病的发生。降低早产儿的出生率以及并发症的发生率。改进新生儿接生技术及加强产科、儿科配合,以降低新生儿窒息的发生率。
Objective To analyze the changing trend of inpatients with neonatal diseases and to provide a scientific basis for adjusting the focus of perinatal health care in the future. Methods From January 2004 to December 2008, 698 neonates were treated in pediatrics in our hospital. The data of all newborns were retrospectively reviewed. Discharged diagnoses were performed on a yearly basis. The data of 5 cases of neonatal diseases in our hospital Trend. Results 1. The top 10 in-hospital newborns in 5 a hospitalizations were relatively concentrated. The first 3 diseases were premature neonates, neonatal HIE and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, accounting for 42.84% of all neonatal diseases. 2. Characteristics of disease composition: premature children in the disease has been ranked in the top three; neonatal HIE in the disease rankings ranked No. 8 from No. 1 or No. 2, constitute a ratio of 4.93% To 15.00% (P <0.01). Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal asphyxia ranked relatively stable. The occurrence of swallowing syndrome in neonates in recent 2 years was significantly reduced, Distress syndrome in the composition of the disease is an upward trend; neonatal sepsis disease composition and rank showed a downward trend from 2005 to 13.13% in 2008 to 2.13% (P <0.01). 3. The composition of infectious diseases in newborns in the composition of the first three diseases more stable, neonatal sepsis, neonatal pneumonia and neonatal skin infections (a total of 85.59%). Conclusions In the recent 5 years, most of the hospitalized newborns in our hospital are non-infectious diseases. The key point of perinatal health care should be to take various measures to prevent the occurrence of non-infectious neonatal diseases. Reduce the birth rate of premature children and the incidence of complications. Improve neonatal delivery and strengthen obstetric and pediatric cooperation to reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.