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NOAA卫星又称TIROS—N系列卫星,是美国国家海洋大气局控制和管理的第三代极轨道业务气象卫星,其主要传感器是高分辨率辐射仪(AVHRR)。AVHRR的通道1和2与陆地卫星MSS5,7吻合,能较好地表达绿色植被的吸收波段和对近红外的特征反射峰。NOAA卫星视场角大,覆盖度宽,又是双星运行,每天可两次过境,获得资料及时。而陆地卫星每16天覆盖一次,若遇阴雨天气,获得资料的周期更长。AVHRR像元面积大,可节省计算机处理时间和费用。所以,近几年来NOAA/AVHRR资料越来越广泛地被应用于植被动态监测和农作物估产。但是AVHRR空间分辨率为1.1公里,远低于MSS,限制了NOAA卫星的应用领域。天津市土地面积只有1731.5万亩,种植混杂,混合像元所占比例较大,致使低分辨率的图像难以反映作物长势。因此,NOAA/AVHRR信息
NOAA satellite, also known as TIROS-N series of satellites, is the third generation of polar orbit operational meteorological satellites controlled and managed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States. Its primary sensor is the High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). The channels 1 and 2 of AVHRR coincide with the terrestrial satellite MSS5.7, which can well express the absorption band of green vegetation and the characteristic reflection peak to near infrared. NOAA satellite viewing angle, coverage is wide, but also a binary operation, transit twice a day, access to information in a timely manner. The land satellites cover every 16 days, in case of rainy weather, get a longer period of information. AVHRR pixel area, saving computer processing time and costs. Therefore, NOAA / AVHRR data have been applied more and more widely to the dynamic monitoring of vegetation and crop production in recent years. However, the spatial resolution of the AVHRR is 1.1 km, which is much lower than that of the MSS, which limits the applications of the NOAA satellites. The land area in Tianjin is only 17.315 million mu, planting mixed, a large proportion of mixed pixels, resulting in low-resolution images difficult to reflect the growing crops. Therefore, NOAA / AVHRR information