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采用自制固体酸La2O3-Ga2O3/硅胶为催化剂催化丙酸与异丁醇进行酯化反应合成了丙酸异丁酯,并采用IR分析对催化剂进行了表征。催化剂的制备条件为La2O3∶Ga2O3∶硅胶=5∶20∶75(质量比),500℃焙烧2 h。考察了催化剂用量、醇酸物质的量比、反应时间、带水剂种类和催化剂的重复使用性等因素对酯化率的影响。结果表明,适宜的反应条件为0.20 mol丙酸,催化剂用量1.00 g、醇酸物质的量比1.8,反应时间90 min,酯化率可达98.2%。
The isopropanol propionate was synthesized by esterification of propionic acid with isobutyl alcohol using La2O3-Ga2O3 / silica sol as solid catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by IR. The catalyst was prepared under the conditions of La2O3: Ga2O3: silica gel = 5:20:75 (mass ratio) and calcined at 500 ℃ for 2 h. The effects of catalyst amount, alkalinity ratio, reaction time, the type of water-carrying agent and the reusability of the catalyst on the esterification rate were investigated. The results showed that the suitable reaction conditions were 0.20 mmol propionic acid, 1.00 g catalyst, 1.8 molar ratio of alkyd and 90 min reaction time, and the esterification rate was 98.2%.