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目的了解云南省大中小学学生吸烟和二手烟暴露及学校开展控烟健康教育的情况,为有针对性地开展青少年吸烟行为干预提供依据。方法于2009年8-9月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在云南省昆明市、曲靖市和楚雄市抽取8所学校的800名大中小学生,对学生的吸烟情况、二手烟暴露情况、学校开展控烟教育情况以及影响学生吸烟行为的因素等进行了问卷调查。结果本研究共回收有效问卷799份,云南省3个城市大中小学学生的现在吸烟率为8.89%,尝试吸烟率为30.66%,二手烟暴露为53.69%。小学、中学和大学学校健康教育活动中,学校设置控烟宣传栏、学校组织控烟主题活动以及在学校学过烟草危害健康知识方面,小学开展的宣教情况好于中学和大学。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,朋友大部分吸烟(OR=10.169,P<0.01)、老师经常吸烟(OR=2.089,P<0.05)的大学生(OR=4.910,P<0.01)的男生(OR=3.938,P<0.01)更容易遭受吸烟的危害。结论云南省大中小学学生吸烟和二手烟暴露率较高,应加强学校的控烟方面的干预能力建设。
Objective To understand the situation of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure of students at primary and secondary schools in Yunnan Province and health education on tobacco control in schools so as to provide basis for targeted prevention and treatment of smoking among adolescents. Methods From August to September in 2009, a total of 800 primary and middle school students from 8 schools in Kunming City, Qujing City and Chuxiong City were enrolled in this study. The smoking status of students, Smoke exposure, schools to carry out tobacco control education and the factors that affect students’ smoking behaviors were surveyed. Results A total of 799 valid questionnaires were collected in this study. The current prevalence of smoking in primary and secondary schools in three cities in Yunnan Province was 8.89%, the smoking prevalence rate was 30.66%, and the exposure to secondhand smoke was 53.69%. Primary schools, secondary schools and university health education activities, schools set up tobacco control bulletin boards, the school organized tobacco control activities and school knowledge of tobacco hazards to health, primary education carried out better than secondary schools and universities. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that most of friends (OR = 10.169, P <0.01) were smokers with college friends (OR = 4.910, P <0.01) OR = 3.938, P <0.01) were more likely to suffer from smoking. Conclusions There is a high rate of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure among students in primary, middle and primary schools in Yunnan Province. Construction of interventional ability in tobacco control should be strengthened.