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通过盆栽试验,比较吉林省6种主要类型农田土壤在不同施氮量(0、0.10、0.14、0.16和0.18 g N/kg土,相当于田间施用量0、168、240、270和312 kg N/hm2)条件下的玉米产量及氮肥利用率,分析了玉米子粒产量和氮肥偏生产力与土壤性质之间的关系。结果表明:随施氮量的增加,玉米子粒产量也趋于增加,而氮肥偏生产力(PFPN)趋于降低;不同类型土壤相比,平均玉米子粒产量为白浆土>暗棕壤>草甸土>冲积土>黑土>风沙土,平均PFPN为暗棕壤>白浆土>草甸土>冲积土>黑土>风沙土。相关分析指出,玉米子粒产量和PFPN与土壤粉粒(0.02~0.002 mm)含量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和田间持水量之间呈线性正相关,与土壤细砂粒(0.2~0.02 mm)含量、0.25~0.05 mm微团聚体含量、容重、p H值、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性之间呈线性负相关。
Pot experiments were conducted to compare the effects of different nitrogen rates (0, 0.10, 0.14, 0.16 and 0.18 g N / kg soil) on the six main types of farmland soils in Jilin Province, equivalent to 0,168,240,270 and 312 kg N / hm2), and analyzed the relationship between maize grain yield and partial biocatalytic activity of nitrogen fertilizer and soil properties. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application, the yield of maize seeds also tended to increase while that of nitrogen fertilization (PFPN) tended to decrease. Compared with different types of soils, the average maize yield was white soil> dark brown soil> meadow Soil> alluvial soil> black soil> aeolian sandy soil, the average PFPN is dark brown soil> white soil> meadow soil> alluvial soil> black soil> aeolian sandy soil. Correlation analysis showed that there was a linear positive correlation between maize grain yield and PFPN content and soil silt content (0.02 ~ 0.002 mm), total porosity, capillary porosity and field water holding capacity, , 0.25 ~ 0.05 mm micro-aggregates content, bulk density, p H value, urease and acid phosphatase activity was linearly negative correlation.