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为了解上海市人群的胎儿铅暴露水平及其影响因素。在上海市杨浦区收集脐血标本605份，其中348份标本在严格质量控制下以石墨炉原子吸收光谱法进行血铅测定。并以面谈问卷的形式对脐血铅水平在第70百分位以上和第30百分位以下者进行家庭社会环境和健康状况调查，用多因素统计分析的方法分析对脐血铅水平有明显作用的影响因素。结果发现348例的血铅水平呈正态分布，被测人群中脐血铅范围0.08～0．84μmol／L，均值为0．44μmol／L（标准差0.15μmol／L），脐血铅水平超过目前认为的安全界限（0.48μmol／L）的占40.8％。研究还发现孕期被动吸烟、家庭成员接触铅、居室邻近马路、居住大环境有煤烟污染、以煤作为家用燃料、孕期食用皮蛋是胎儿期铅暴露的危险因素。多元Logistic回归分析发现，被动吸烟对脐血铅水平的贡献在考虑了其他掺杂因素的影响后仍有统计学意义。结论：目前上海市环境铅污染状况可能对胎儿的发育产生不利影响。
To understand the level of fetal lead exposure in Shanghai and its influencing factors. 605 samples of umbilical cord blood were collected from Yangpu District of Shanghai. Among them, 348 samples were tested for blood lead by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry under strict quality control. The questionnaires of interviews were used to investigate the family social environment and health status of those with cord blood lead above the 70th percentile and below 30th percentile. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to analyze the correlation between cord blood lead levels Effect of factors. The results showed that the blood lead level of 348 patients was normal distribution. The cord blood lead level ranged from 0.08 to 0.84 μmol / L in the tested population, with an average of 0.44 μmol / L (standard deviation 0.15 μmol / L). The cord blood lead level exceeded Currently considered the safety margin (0.48μmol / L) accounted for 40.8%. The study also found that during pregnancy, passive smoking, family members exposed to lead, living room near the road, residential environment with soot pollution, coal as a domestic fuel, edible preserved egg during pregnancy is a risk factor for fetal lead exposure. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that the contribution of passive smoking to lead levels in umbilical cord blood was still statistically significant after considering the effects of other doping factors. Conclusion: At present, environmental lead pollution in Shanghai may adversely affect fetal development.