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目的探讨枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停的疗效。方法选取呼吸暂停早产儿60例随机分成治疗组和对照组各30例,治疗组应用枸橼酸咖啡因,首剂10 mg/kg,24 h后给予维持量2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1;对照组应用氨茶碱,首剂5 mg/kg,12 h给予维持量2 mg/kg,每12 h 1次。结果治疗组总用药时间和用氧时间为(12.86±5.9)d和(9.7±1.2)d,比对照组的(18.5±10.8)d和(15.8±2.5)d缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);严重呼吸暂停发生率10.0%(3/30)比对照组33.3%(10/30)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);心动过速、高血糖、喂养不耐受、烦躁不安、上消化道出血的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停比传统氨茶碱治疗更有效,不良反应少。
Objective To investigate the efficacy of caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea in premature infants. Methods 60 preterm infants with apnea were randomly divided into treatment group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). The treatment group was given citrate caffeine, the first dose of 10 mg / kg, and the maintenance dose of 2.5 mg · kg-1 · d- 1; the control group, aminophylline, the first dose of 5 mg / kg, 12 h maintenance dose of 2 mg / kg, once every 12 h. Results The total duration of medication and time of oxygen administration in the treatment group were (12.86 ± 5.9) days and (9.7 ± 1.2 days), which were shorter than those in the control group (18.5 ± 10.8 days) and (15.8 ± 2.5 days), respectively P <0.05). The incidence of severe apnea was 10.0% (3/30) lower than 33.3% (10/30) in control group (P <0.05); tachycardia, hyperglycemia, feeding intolerance By, irritability, the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Citrate caffeine is more effective in treating apnea in preterm infants than traditional aminophylline treatment with less adverse reactions.